Super-Resolution Quantum Imaging at the Heisenberg Limit

Quantum imaging techniques exploit correlations between photons to reproduce object features with a higher spatial resolution than classical light sources could achieve. Using a quantum correlated $N$-photon states, optical centroid measurement (OCM) was shown to surpass the Rayleigh limit by a factor of $1/N$. In this work, the theory of OCM is formulated in an imaging formalism. Using a conventional entangled photon pair source, OCM is implemented in an exemplary experiment where arbitrary super-resolved spatial structures can be generated. The expected resolution enhancement of a factor of two is demonstrated. Photon detection is performed with a newly developed integrated time-resolving detector array.